使役動詞
Causative Verbs
使役動詞（make、have、let、get）用來表示「讓/使某人做某事」或「讓某事被做」。每個使役動詞後面接的受詞補語形式不同，需要特別注意。此外，感官動詞（see、hear、feel 等）的用法也經常一起考。
文法規則說明
【make + O + V / adj.】make 表示「使、讓」，帶有強制性。make + O + V原形（讓某人做某事，主動）；make + O + V-pp（讓某事被做，被動）；make + O + adj.（使某人/某物變成某種狀態）。被動語態時：S + be made + to V。 公式：make + O + V原形 / V-pp / adj.
【have + O + V / V-pp / V-ing】have 表示「讓、叫」，語氣較 make 溫和。have + O + V原形（讓某人做某事）；have + O + V-pp（讓某事被做/遭遇某事）；have + O + V-ing（讓某人/某物持續做某事）。 公式：have + O + V原形 / V-pp / V-ing
【let + O + V】let 表示「讓、允許」，後面只接原形動詞。let + O + V原形。let 沒有被動語態的用法（不說 let + O + V-pp），要表達被動意思時改用 be allowed to V。 公式：let + O + V原形
【get + O + to V / V-pp】get 表示「說服、使」，暗示花了一些努力。get + O + to V（說服某人去做某事，注意要加 to）；get + O + V-pp（讓某事被做）。get 和 have 意思相近，但 get 後面接不定詞（to V），have 後面接原形動詞。 公式：get + O + to V / V-pp
【Perception Verbs (感官動詞)】感官動詞（see、hear、watch、feel、notice、observe 等）後面可接：O + V原形（看到/聽到整個動作完成）；O + V-ing（看到/聽到動作正在進行）；O + V-pp（看到/聽到動作被完成）。被動語態時：S + be seen/heard + to V / V-ing。 公式：感官 V + O + V原形 / V-ing / V-pp
例句
The teacher made the students rewrite their essays.
老師要求學生們重寫作文。
made the students rewriteShe made herself understood in English.
她用英文讓別人理解她的意思。
made herself understoodThe news made everyone happy.
這個消息讓大家都很開心。
made everyone happyI had the mechanic fix my car.
我讓技師修理我的車。
had the mechanic fixShe had her hair cut at the salon.
她在美容院剪了頭髮。（讓別人剪的）
had her hair cutDon't have the water running while brushing your teeth.
刷牙時不要讓水一直流。
have the water runningHer parents let her go to the party.
她的父母讓她去參加派對。
let her goLet me help you with your luggage.
讓我幫你提行李。
Let me helpThe manager let the employees leave early on Friday.
經理讓員工們星期五提早下班。
let the employees leaveI finally got him to agree with the plan.
我終於說服他同意這個計畫。
got him to agreeShe got her computer repaired at the shop.
她在店裡把電腦修好了。
got her computer repairedCan you get someone to help us move the furniture?
你能找人來幫我們搬家具嗎？
get someone to helpI saw him cross the street. (看到他過了馬路——完整動作)
我看到他過了馬路。
saw him crossI saw him crossing the street. (看到他正在過馬路——進行中)
我看到他正在過馬路。
saw him crossingShe heard her name called from behind.
她聽到她的名字被從後面叫。
heard her name called常見錯誤
My mom made me to clean my room. (✗) → My mom made me clean my room. (✓) make 作使役動詞時，後面接原形動詞，不需要加 to。注意：被動語態時才加 to（I was made to clean my room）。
I got him fix the computer. (✗) → I got him to fix the computer. (✓) get 作使役動詞時，後面要接 to V（不定詞），不能接原形動詞。這是 get 與 make/have/let 最大的不同。
I had my car to repair yesterday. (✗) → I had my car repaired yesterday. (✓) have + O + V-pp 表示「讓某事被做」。car 是被修理的（被動關係），所以用過去分詞 repaired，不用 to repair。
快速練習
練習 1
The comedian made the audience _____ with his funny jokes. (A) laugh (B) to laugh (C) laughing (D) laughed
練習 2
I need to get my passport _____ before the trip. (A) renew (B) to renew (C) renewed (D) renewing
練習 3
The manager had his secretary _____ the meeting for 3 p.m. (A) to arrange (B) arrange (C) arranged (D) arranging
練習 4
We heard someone _____ the piano when we walked past the music room. (A) play (B) played (C) playing (D) to play
練習 5
Please let me _____ if you need any help. (A) know (B) to know (C) knowing (D) known
學測應試技巧
學測使役動詞的考題重點在於各動詞後面接的動詞形式：make/have/let + O + V原形；get + O + to V。get 的 to 是最常考的陷阱。
使役動詞 + O + V-pp（被動）也很常考，特別是 have/get + O + V-pp（讓某事被做）的句型。
感官動詞後面 V原形 vs. V-ing 的區別要注意：V原形表示看到完整動作，V-ing 表示看到動作正在進行。
make 的被動語態要加 to：He was made to apologize.（他被迫道歉。）這也是常考考點。
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