含有 it 的句型

It Patterns

高頻

在英文中，it 除了作為代名詞指代事物外，還常用作「虛主詞」或「虛受詞」，以及構成強調句型。這是學測常考的重點句型，務必掌握各種用法。

文法規則說明

1

【Formal Subject with that-clause】當主詞是一個 that 子句時，因為太長放在句首會不平衡，所以用 it 當虛主詞，將真正的主詞（that 子句）移到句尾。常見的形容詞有 important、necessary、obvious、clear、strange 等。 公式：It is + adj./N + that + S + V

2

【Formal Subject with to-infinitive】當主詞是不定詞片語（to + V）時，為了句子的平衡與流暢，常用 it 當虛主詞，把不定詞片語移到後面。常搭配 easy、hard、difficult、possible、impossible、necessary 等形容詞。 公式：It is + adj. + (for/of sb.) + to V

3

【Formal Object (虛受詞)】當受詞是不定詞或 that 子句時，可以用 it 當虛受詞，將真正的受詞移到受詞補語後面。常見的動詞有 find、make、think、consider、feel 等。 公式：S + V + it + adj./N + to V / that-clause

4

【Cleft Sentence (強調句)】強調句是用 It is/was... that/who... 的結構來強調句子中的某個成分（主詞、受詞、副詞等）。被強調的部分放在 It is/was 和 that/who 之間。如果強調的是人，可以用 who 代替 that。 公式：It is/was + 被強調部分 + that/who + 其餘部分

5

【It for Weather / Time / Distance】英文中描述天氣、時間、距離、明暗等自然現象時，習慣用 it 作為主詞。這裡的 it 沒有指代任何具體事物，是一種慣用表達。 公式：It + is/was + 天氣/時間/距離描述

例句

It is important that students attend class regularly.

學生定期上課是很重要的。

It is important that

It is obvious that she has been crying.

很明顯她一直在哭。

It is obvious that

It is a fact that the Earth revolves around the Sun.

地球繞著太陽轉是一個事實。

It is a fact that

It is difficult to learn a new language.

學一門新語言是困難的。

It is difficult to

It is kind of you to help me with my homework.

你幫我做功課真是太好了。

It is kind of you to

It is necessary for us to finish the project on time.

我們有必要按時完成這個專案。

It is necessary for us to

I find it difficult to understand his accent.

我覺得很難理解他的口音。

find it difficult to

She made it clear that she would not attend the meeting.

她說清楚了她不會參加會議。

made it clear that

We consider it important to protect the environment.

我們認為保護環境是重要的。

consider it important to

It was John who broke the window yesterday.

昨天打破窗戶的是約翰。（強調主詞）

It was John who

It was yesterday that John broke the window.

約翰是昨天打破窗戶的。（強調時間）

It was yesterday that

It is this book that I have been looking for.

我一直在找的就是這本書。（強調受詞）

It is this book that

It is raining heavily outside.

外面正在下大雨。

It is raining

It is ten o'clock in the morning.

現在是早上十點鐘。

It is ten o'clock

It is about five kilometers from my house to the school.

從我家到學校大約五公里。

It is about five kilometers

常見錯誤

!

That he passed the exam is surprising. (✗) → It is surprising that he passed the exam. (✓)　雖然前者文法上也正確，但在英文中，當 that 子句作主詞時，通常會使用虛主詞 it 來避免頭重腳輕的句子。學測考題中幾乎都會用 it 的形式。

!

I find difficult to solve this math problem. (✗) → I find it difficult to solve this math problem. (✓)　當 find/make/think 等動詞後面接受詞補語再接不定詞時，一定要用 it 當虛受詞。不能省略 it。

!

It was in the park where we first met. (✗) → It was in the park that we first met. (✓)　強調句型中，即使強調的是地點，仍然使用 that 而非 where。只有在定語從句中才用 where 代替 in which。

快速練習

練習 1

_____ is important for students to develop good study habits. (A) That　(B) It　(C) What　(D) This

練習 2

The teacher made _____ clear that no late assignments would be accepted. (A) that　(B) this　(C) it　(D) what

練習 3

It was _____ that the accident happened, not in the morning. (A) at night　(B) night　(C) the night　(D) in night

練習 4

_____ takes about two hours to fly from Taipei to Hong Kong. (A) That　(B) There　(C) It　(D) What

練習 5

Many people find _____ hard to resist the temptation of junk food. (A) this　(B) that　(C) it　(D) which

學測應試技巧

💡

學測常考虛主詞 it 與虛受詞 it 的用法，尤其是 find/make/think + it + adj. + to V 的句型。

💡

強調句 It is/was... that... 是學測必考句型，注意區分強調句與一般的 it 句型。判斷方法：把 It is/was 和 that 去掉後，句子仍然完整就是強調句。

💡

注意 for 和 of 的區別：It is + 表事物性質的形容詞（easy, difficult, possible）+ for sb. + to V；It is + 表人品性的形容詞（kind, nice, foolish）+ of sb. + to V。

💡

描述天氣、時間、距離的 it 常出現在閱讀測驗中，理解即可。

手寫筆記

載入中...

用 Apple Pencil 寫下重點筆記，自動儲存

開始測驗